return

Definition

The keyword execute the operation.

Syntax

return

Parameters

N/A

Examples

URLField is created through models and viewed through index.html.

Window CMD commands

virtualenv djangoschool
cd djangoschool
.\Scripts\activate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py startapp myapp
python manage.py syncdb
python manage.py runserver

mysite/setting.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'myapp',

)

mysite/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import include, url

from myapp.views import ViewUrl

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^', ViewUrl)

]

myapp/models.py

from django.db import models

class ModelUrl(models.Model):

url=models.URLField()

def __str__(self):

return self.url

myapp/forms.py

from django import forms

from .models import ModelUrl

class FormUrl(forms.ModelForm):

class Meta:

model=ModelUrl

fields=['url']

myapp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse

from .forms import FormUrl

def ViewUrl(request):

form=FormUrl(request.POST)

if form.is_valid():

form.save(commit=False)

form.save()

return HttpResponseRedirect('/thanks/')

else:

form=FormUrl

return render(request, 'myapp/index.html',{'form':form})

def response(request):

return HttpResponse("Thanks")

myapp/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

</head>

<body>

{%csrf_token%}

</form>

</body>

</html>

Localhost:8000

Database Query

Here, this examples, mydb.db database is created and in that database Table3 is created with Fields, name, email, telephone and income. The values are displayed through for loop by order of income in html file.

Steps for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapp, creating database, and migrating the data, and running server to check the app.

virtualenenv pythonlake
cd pythonlake
.\Scripts\activate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py startapp mydb
python manage.py makemigrations mydb

mysite/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','mydb',

)

mysite/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from mydb.views import DataBase

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^$', DataBase),

]

mydb/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

import sqlite3

def DataBase (request):

conn=sqlite3.connect('mydb.db')

cursor=conn.cursor()

cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE table3(name text, phone text, email text, income text)''')

cursor.execute('''INSERT INTO table3 VALUES(' Erica ', ' 571 402 2992 ', ' erica.steve@ibm.com ', ' 180000 ')''')

cursor.execute('''INSERT INTO table3 VALUES(' Strube ', ' 571 402 2212 ', ' marya_strube@care.com ', ' 890000 ')''')

conn.commit()

for row in cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM table3 ORDER BY income'):

response=row

return render(request, 'mydb\index.html', {'response':response} )

mydb/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<title>Table3</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

Here, in this example, the IntegerField validated number entered should be in record and before the Field vale is passed on HttpResponseRedirect in views.py and index.html files.

Steps for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, & running server:

virtualenv myvirtualenv
cd mysite
.\Scripts\activate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py startapp myapphttp
python manage.py runserver

setting.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','myapphttp',

)

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import include, url

from myapphttp.views import response

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^', response),

]

myapphttp/forms.py

from django import forms

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

def Validate(value):

pin=[1101,2945,3635,5550,3334,5553,2822,4624,3221,6453,2223,4456,5462]

if value not in pin:

raise ValidationError('%s : The pin number is not in our record.'% value)

class IntegerField(forms.Form):

number=forms.IntegerField(label='Number' ,validators=[Validate])

myapphttp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

from .forms import IntegerField

def response(request):

if request.method == 'POST':

form=IntegerField(request.POST)

if form.is_valid():

return HttpResponseRedirect('/Thanks-for-submitting-your-request/')

else:

form = IntegerField()

return render(request, 'myapphttp\index.html', {'form':form})

myapphttp/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

{% csrf_token %}

</form>

</body>

</html>

Here, in this examples, the form validation is processed through the calling the function in the forms.EmailField(). The function validated the list items after the form is submitted through POST method.

Steps for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, & running server:

virtualenv myenv
cd myenv
.\Scripts\activate
.\Scripts\deactivate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py startapp myapp
python manage.py runserver

Files

setting.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'myapp',

)

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from myapp.views import submit

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^', submit),

]

myapp/forms.py

from django import forms

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

def Validate(email):

list=['adil@adilwaseem.com', 'adil@pythonlake.com','contact@adilwaseem.com']

if email not in list:

raise ValidationError("%s is not in our record."% email )

class AccessForm(forms.Form):

email=forms.EmailField(label='Email',validators=[Validate])

myapp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

from .forms import AccessForm

def submit(request):

if request.method == 'POST':

form=AccessForm(request.POST)

if form.is_valid():

return HttpResponseRedirect('/thanks/')

else:

form = AccessForm()

return render(request, 'myapp\index.html', {'form':form})

myapp/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

{% csrf_token %}

</form>

</body>

</html>

view at localhost:8000/

Here, the submit form is created through the django web framework using django.forms. The forms is handled through the HTML files in which the views.py variables data is processed. While views.py import the form fields from myapps/forms.py

Steps for creating steps for virtua

Steps for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, & running server:

virtualenv myenv
cd myenv
.\Scripts\activate
.\Scripts\deactivate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py startapp myapp
python manage.py runserver

Files

Settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'myapp'

)

mysite/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from myapp.views import submit

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^', submit),

]

myapp/forms.py

__author__ = 'adilwaseem75'

from django import forms

class CharField(forms.Form):

username=forms.CharField()

username.label="Username"

username.max_length=50

class EmailField(forms.Form):

email=forms.EmailField()

email.label="Email"

email.max_length=50

myapp.views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from .forms import EmailField

from .forms import CharField

def submit(request):

username=CharField()

email=EmailField()

return render(request, 'myapp\index.html', {'username':username, 'email':email})

myapp.index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

{% csrf_token %}

{{username}} <br> <br>

{{email}}<br><br>

</form>

</body>

</html>

Running the server through Window CMD command, python manage.py runserver

EXAMPLE

The django web framework returns with hyperlink created through html5 integrated with django Scripts.

Steps for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, migration, & running server:

virtualenv string
cd string
.\Scripts\activate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject str
cd str
python manage.py runserver
key ctr c to break the server
python manage.py startapp htmlapp
python manage.py runserver

File structure

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','htmlapp',

)

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, patterns

from htmlapp.views import html_links

urlpatterns = patterns('',

url(r'^html_links/', html_links),

)

httpapp/views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse

def html_links(request):

link='<div style="background-color:pink; color:white; padding:20px;">'\

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/">Python Lake</a> <hr>' \

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/python/django">Django</a> <hr> ' \

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/python/django/djangohttp">django.http</a> <hr> ' \

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/python/django/djangohttp/httpresponse">HttpResponse</a> <hr> ' \

'</div>'

return HttpResponse(link)

Running the server through Window CMD command.

The django web framework is used to create the application which convert the string into uppercase using str.upper method. The string_method_upper.py calls the string_method.views.py file to render the function.

Windows CMD commands for creating virtualenv, startproject, startapp, and running server.

virtualenv string
cd string
.\Scripts\activate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject str
cd str
python manage.py runserver
python manage.py startapp string_methods
python manage.py startapp string_method_upper
python manage.py runserver

string_method_upper/views.py

from string_methods.views import string_upper

def string_method_upper (request):

return string_upper(request)

string_methods/views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse

def string_upper(request):

return HttpResponse("Python is a simple, powerful and high-level programming language "

"and the logic and structure is consistent with the way we "

"reasons. ".upper())

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import include, url, patterns

from string_methods.views import*

from string_method_upper.views import *

urlpatterns=patterns('', url(r'^string_method_upper/', string_method_upper),)

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','string_methods', 'string_method_upper',

)

EXAMPLE

The function calculated string 'turtle' in webpage in django.

STEPS for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, migration, & running server.

virtualenv [virtual environment name]
cd [virtual environment name]
.\Scripts\activate
.\Scripts\deactivate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject [project name]
cd [project name]
python manage.py runserver
python manage.py startapp [name of app]
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver

After virtual environment, startproject, and startapp, the files structure look like this:

In setting.py, put following intended app name, here it is newrequests.

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','newrequests',

)

In urls.py, put following code:

from django.conf.urls import include, url

from django.contrib import admin

from newrequests.views import request1

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^newrequests/$', request1),

]

In views.py, put following code:

from django.http import HttpResponse
import requests

def request1(request):

  r=requests.get('http://www.pythonlake.com/Python/turtle')
   c=r.text
   ct=c.count('turtle')
   return HttpResponse(ct)

Running the server at localhost:8000 through following command in CMD:

python manage.py runserver

Here, HttpResponse returns with value of pow() through django web framework.

STEPS for creating virtual environment, startproject, startapps, migration, & running server.

virtualenv [virtual environment name]
cd [virtual environment name]
.\Scripts\activate
.\Scripts\deactivate
pip install django
python .\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject [project name]
cd [project name]
python manage.py runserver
python manage.py startapp [name of app]
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver

After virtual environment, startproject, and startapp, the files structure look like this:

In setting.py, put following app name, here it is powapp.

INSTALLED_APPS = (

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles','powapp',

)

In urls.py, put following code:

from django.conf.urls import include, url

from django.contrib import admin

from powapp.views import func_pow

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^powapp/$', func_pow),

]

In views.py, put following code:

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponse

def func_pow(request):

return HttpResponse(pow(4,5))

Running the server at localhost:8000 through following command in CMD:

python manage.py runserver

The pyramid.response return with Response after getting string value from the for loop.

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from pyramid.config import Configurator
from pyramid.response import Response

def hello_world(request):
response=Response()
for link in range(1,100):
response.text="Hi there. "*link
return response

if __name__ == '__main__':
config = Configurator()
config.add_route('hello', '/')
config.add_view(hello_world, route_name='hello')
app = config.make_wsgi_app()
server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 6500, app)
server.serve_forever()

The pyramid returns with the requests after finding the number of 'a' in www.pythonlake.com.

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from pyramid.config import Configurator

from pyramid.response import Response

import requests

def find(request):

r=requests.get('http://www.pythonlake.com')

text=r.text

f=text.find('a')

f=str(f)

response = Response()

response.text=f

return response

if __name__ == '__main__':

config = Configurator()

config.add_route('find', '/')

config.add_view(find, route_name='find')

app = config.make_wsgi_app()

server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 6500, app)

server.serve_forever()

The FileResponse returns with png file from disk.

from paste.httpserver import serve

from pyramid.view import view_config

from pyramid.config import Configurator

from pyramid.response import FileResponse

@view_config(route_name='png')

def turtle(file):

view = FileResponse(

'turtle.png',

request=file,

content_type='image/png'

)

return view

if __name__ == '__main__':

config = Configurator()

config.add_route('png', '/')

config.scan('__main__')

serve(config.make_wsgi_app())

Equality test run through the pyramid web framework.
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from pyramid.config import Configurator
from pyramid.response import Response

def test(request):
x=pow(3,10)
y=13
if x.__gt__(y):
return Response('x is greater than y.')
else:
return Response('x is not greater than y.')

def main():
config = Configurator()
config.add_route('index', '/')
config.add_view(test, route_name='index')
app = config.make_wsgi_app()
return app

if __name__ == '__main__':
app = main()
server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 1000, app)
print ('Starting up server on http://localhost:1000')
server.serve_forever()

The html code are integrated inside the pyramid.response.Response().

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from pyramid.config import Configurator

from pyramid.response import Response

def html(request):

return Response(

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/">Python Lake</a>'

'<hr>'

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/aboutus">About us</a>'

'<hr>'

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/appointment">Appointment</a>'

'<hr>'

'<a href="http://www.pythonlake.com/contactus">Contact us</a>')

if __name__ == '__main__':

config = Configurator()

config.add_route('links', '/')

config.add_view(html, route_name='links')

app = config.make_wsgi_app()

server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 1000, app)

server.serve_forever()

The pyramid returns with the if statement execution after testing equation of the values of two variable.

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from pyramid.config import Configurator

from pyramid.response import Response

def test(request):

x=range(1,0)

y=13

if y in x:

return Response('y is in x')

else:

return Response('y is not in x')

def main():

config = Configurator()

config.add_route('index', '/')

config.add_view(test, route_name='index')

app = config.make_wsgi_app()

return app

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = main()

server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 1000, app)

print ('Starting up server on http://localhost:1000')

server.serve_forever()

The equal to:

from itertools import *
def takewhile1(x):
return x<15

list=[1,3,5,7,9]
for i in takewhile(takewhile1, list ):
print (i)

>>>
1
3
5
7
9
>>>

Here random function is executed through onscreenclick in turtle screen.

import turtle

import random

def random_colors(click_x, click_y):

color_list= ['snow', 'ghostwhite', 'whitesmoke', 'gainsboro', 'floralwhite', 'oldlace',

'linen', 'antiquewhite', 'papayawhip', 'blanchedalmond', 'bisque', 'peachpuff',

'navajowhite', 'lemonchiffon', 'mintcream', 'azure', 'aliceblue', 'lavender',

'lavenderblush', 'mistyrose', 'darkslategray', 'dimgray', 'slategray',

'lightslategray', 'gray', 'lightgrey', 'midnightblue', 'navy', 'cornflowerblue', 'darkslateblue',

'slateblue', 'mediumslateblue', 'lightslateblue', 'mediumblue', 'royalblue', 'blue',

'dodgerblue', 'deepskyblue', 'skyblue', 'lightskyblue', 'steelblue', 'lightsteelblue',

'lightblue', 'powderblue', 'paleturquoise', 'darkturquoise', 'mediumturquoise', 'turquoise',

'cyan', 'lightcyan', 'cadetblue', 'mediumaquamarine', 'aquamarine', 'darkgreen', 'darkolivegreen',

'darkseagreen', 'seagreen', 'mediumseagreen', 'lightseagreen', 'palegreen', 'springgreen',

'lawngreen', 'mediumspringgreen', 'greenyellow', 'limegreen', 'yellowgreen',

'forestgreen', 'olivedrab', 'darkkhaki', 'khaki', 'palegoldenrod', 'lightgoldenrodyellow',

'lightyellow', 'yellow', 'gold', 'lightgoldenrod', 'goldenrod', 'darkgoldenrod', 'rosybrown',

'indianred', 'saddlebrown', 'sandybrown',

'darksalmon', 'salmon', 'lightsalmon', 'orange', 'darkorange',

'coral', 'lightcoral', 'tomato', 'orangered', 'red', 'hotpink', 'deeppink', 'pink', 'lightpink',

'palevioletred', 'maroon', 'mediumvioletred', 'violetred',

'mediumorchid', 'darkorchid', 'darkviolet', 'blueviolet', 'purple', 'mediumpurple',

'thistle', 'snow2', 'snow3',

'snow4', 'seashell2', 'seashell3', 'seashell4', 'AntiqueWhite1', 'AntiqueWhite2',

'AntiqueWhite3', 'AntiqueWhite4', 'bisque2', 'bisque3', 'bisque4', 'PeachPuff2',

'PeachPuff3', 'PeachPuff4', 'NavajoWhite2', 'NavajoWhite3', 'NavajoWhite4',

'LemonChiffon2', 'LemonChiffon3', 'LemonChiffon4', 'cornsilk2', 'cornsilk3',

'cornsilk4', 'ivory2', 'ivory3', 'ivory4', 'honeydew2', 'honeydew3', 'honeydew4',

'LavenderBlush2', 'LavenderBlush3', 'LavenderBlush4', 'MistyRose2', 'MistyRose3',

'MistyRose4', 'azure2', 'azure3', 'azure4', 'SlateBlue1', 'SlateBlue2', 'SlateBlue3',

'SlateBlue4', 'RoyalBlue1', 'RoyalBlue2', 'RoyalBlue3', 'RoyalBlue4', 'blue2', 'blue4',

'DodgerBlue2', 'DodgerBlue3', 'DodgerBlue4', 'SteelBlue1', 'SteelBlue2',

'SteelBlue3', 'SteelBlue4', 'DeepSkyBlue2', 'DeepSkyBlue3', 'DeepSkyBlue4',

'SkyBlue1', 'SkyBlue2', 'SkyBlue3', 'SkyBlue4', 'LightSkyBlue1', 'LightSkyBlue2',

'LightSkyBlue3', 'LightSkyBlue4', 'SlateGray1', 'SlateGray2', 'SlateGray3',

'SlateGray4', 'LightSteelBlue1', 'LightSteelBlue2', 'LightSteelBlue3',

'LightSteelBlue4', 'LightBlue1', 'LightBlue2', 'LightBlue3', 'LightBlue4',

'LightCyan2', 'LightCyan3', 'LightCyan4', 'PaleTurquoise1', 'PaleTurquoise2',

'PaleTurquoise3', 'PaleTurquoise4', 'CadetBlue1', 'CadetBlue2', 'CadetBlue3',

'CadetBlue4', 'turquoise1', 'turquoise2', 'turquoise3', 'turquoise4', 'cyan2', 'cyan3',

'cyan4', 'DarkSlateGray1', 'DarkSlateGray2', 'DarkSlateGray3', 'DarkSlateGray4',

'aquamarine2', 'aquamarine4', 'DarkSeaGreen1', 'DarkSeaGreen2', 'DarkSeaGreen3',

'DarkSeaGreen4', 'SeaGreen1', 'SeaGreen2', 'SeaGreen3', 'PaleGreen1', 'PaleGreen2',

'PaleGreen3', 'PaleGreen4', 'SpringGreen2', 'SpringGreen3', 'SpringGreen4',

'green2', 'green3', 'green4', 'chartreuse2', 'chartreuse3', 'chartreuse4',

'OliveDrab1', 'OliveDrab2', 'OliveDrab4', 'DarkOliveGreen1', 'DarkOliveGreen2',

'DarkOliveGreen3', 'DarkOliveGreen4', 'khaki1', 'khaki2', 'khaki3', 'khaki4',

'LightGoldenrod1', 'LightGoldenrod2', 'LightGoldenrod3', 'LightGoldenrod4',

'LightYellow2', 'LightYellow3', 'LightYellow4', 'yellow2', 'yellow3', 'yellow4',

'gold2', 'gold3', 'gold4', 'goldenrod1', 'goldenrod2', 'goldenrod3', 'goldenrod4',

'DarkGoldenrod1', 'DarkGoldenrod2', 'DarkGoldenrod3', 'DarkGoldenrod4',

'RosyBrown1', 'RosyBrown2', 'RosyBrown3', 'RosyBrown4', 'IndianRed1', 'IndianRed2',

'IndianRed3', 'IndianRed4', 'sienna1', 'sienna2', 'sienna3', 'sienna4', 'burlywood1',

'burlywood2', 'burlywood3', 'burlywood4', 'wheat1', 'wheat2', 'wheat3', 'wheat4', 'tan1',

'tan2', 'tan4', 'chocolate1', 'chocolate2', 'chocolate3', 'firebrick1', 'firebrick2',

'firebrick3', 'firebrick4', 'brown1', 'brown2', 'brown3', 'brown4', 'salmon1', 'salmon2',

'salmon3', 'salmon4', 'LightSalmon2', 'LightSalmon3', 'LightSalmon4', 'orange2',

'orange3', 'orange4', 'DarkOrange1', 'DarkOrange2', 'DarkOrange3', 'DarkOrange4',

'coral1', 'coral2', 'coral3', 'coral4', 'tomato2', 'tomato3', 'tomato4', 'OrangeRed2',

'OrangeRed3', 'OrangeRed4', 'red2', 'red3', 'red4', 'DeepPink2', 'DeepPink3', 'DeepPink4',

'HotPink1', 'HotPink2', 'HotPink3', 'HotPink4', 'pink1', 'pink2', 'pink3', 'pink4',

'LightPink1', 'LightPink2', 'LightPink3', 'LightPink4', 'PaleVioletRed1',

'PaleVioletRed2', 'PaleVioletRed3', 'PaleVioletRed4', 'maroon1', 'maroon2',

'maroon3', 'maroon4', 'VioletRed1', 'VioletRed2', 'VioletRed3', 'VioletRed4',

'magenta2', 'magenta3', 'magenta4', 'orchid1', 'orchid2', 'orchid3', 'orchid4', 'plum1',

'plum2', 'plum3', 'plum4', 'MediumOrchid1', 'MediumOrchid2', 'MediumOrchid3',

'MediumOrchid4', 'DarkOrchid1', 'DarkOrchid2', 'DarkOrchid3', 'DarkOrchid4',

'purple1', 'purple2', 'purple3', 'purple4', 'MediumPurple1', 'MediumPurple2',

'MediumPurple3', 'MediumPurple4', 'thistle1', 'thistle2', 'thistle3', 'thistle4',

'gray1', 'gray2', 'gray3', 'gray4', 'gray5', 'gray6', 'gray7', 'gray8', 'gray9', 'gray10',

'gray11', 'gray12', 'gray13', 'gray14', 'gray15', 'gray16', 'gray17', 'gray18', 'gray19',

'gray20', 'gray21', 'gray22', 'gray23', 'gray24', 'gray25', 'gray26', 'gray27', 'gray28',

'gray29', 'gray30', 'gray31', 'gray32', 'gray33', 'gray34', 'gray35', 'gray36', 'gray37',

'gray38', 'gray39', 'gray40', 'gray42', 'gray43', 'gray44', 'gray45', 'gray46', 'gray47',

'gray48', 'gray49', 'gray50', 'gray51', 'gray52', 'gray53', 'gray54', 'gray55', 'gray56',

'gray57', 'gray58', 'gray59', 'gray60', 'gray61', 'gray62', 'gray63', 'gray64', 'gray65',

'gray66', 'gray67', 'gray68', 'gray69', 'gray70', 'gray71', 'gray72', 'gray73', 'gray74',

'gray75', 'gray76', 'gray77', 'gray78', 'gray79', 'gray80', 'gray81', 'gray82', 'gray83',

'gray84', 'gray85', 'gray86', 'gray87', 'gray88', 'gray89', 'gray90', 'gray91', 'gray92',

'gray93', 'gray94', 'gray95', 'gray97', 'gray98', 'gray99']

colors=random.sample(color_list,1)

turtle.color(colors)

turtle.pensize(4)

turtle.penup()

click = turtle.goto(click_x, click_y)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.speed(50)

x=(random.randrange(45,50))

for i in range(0,10):

colors=random.sample(color_list,1)

turtle.begin_fill()

turtle.color(colors)

turtle.circle(x-i)

turtle.end_fill()

h='x & y position is', turtle.xcor(), turtle.ycor()

turtle.title(h)

return click

turtle.onscreenclick(random_colors)

The goto(x,y) position is changed through the for loop value.